Box making machine



June 11, 1935. FORD E AL 2,004,604

BOX MAKING MACHINE Filed Feb. 14, 1933 6 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTORS. f1 gl 3 GEOEGEEFOED THE/e ATTORNEYS June 11, 1935. G F, FORD 51- L 2,004,604

BOX MAKING MACHINE Fi led Feb. 14, 1953 e Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS650265 F. 1 020 Tiff/PA'ITORNEYS.

Junell, 1935. FORD Er v 2,904,604

- BOX MAKIQNG MACHINE Filed Feb. 14, 1933 s Sheets-Sheet 3 'INVENTORS I650265 FTFOED 557-1 THE/2 ATTORNEYS.

June 11, 1935.. 5 FORD ET AL I 2,004,604

BOX MAKING MACHINE Filed Feb. 14, 1933 V6 Sheets-Sheet 4 i W Z I IN 0AINVENTORS 650E625 A-Faea .35 gl 0 77/5/2 ATTORNEYS.

June 11, 1935.

G. F. FORD El AL 2,004,604

BOX MAKING MACHINE Filed Feb. 14, 1933 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 F1 g..Z.Z

INVENTORS 65049651 FORD THE/E A TTORNEYS.

June-l1, 1935. FQR'D r AL 2,004,604

BOX MAKING MACHINE Patented June 11, 1935 STATES FFECE BOX MAKING MACmNEApplication February 14, 1933, Serial No. 656,692

14 Claims.

Our invention relates to a machine for making boxes, and moreparticularly to a machine for making boxes from sheet material, such asfibreboard.

It is among the objects of our invention to provide a machine into whicha supply of sheet material is fed, and out of which the completed boxesare delivered.

Another object of our invention is to provide a. machine of thecharacter described in which improved means are provided for feeding thematerial through the machine.

Another object of our invention is to provide a machine in which blanksfrom which the boxes are folded are treated with a protective material.

Another object of our invention includes the provision of improved meansfor folding the blanks into boxes.

Still another object of our invention is to provide means for applyingglue to the blanks prior to the folding operation, and to provideimproved means for holding the newly formed boxes so that the glue mayset properly.

A further object of our invention is to provide improved means fordelivering the boxes from the machine.

The invention possesses other objects and features of advantage, some ofwhich, with the 30 foregoing, will be set forth in the followingdescription of our invention. It is to be understood that we do notlimit ourselves to this disclosure of species of our invention, as wemay adopt variant embodiments thereof within the 35 scope of the claims.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevational view showing a portion of a machineembodying the improvements of our invention.

' showing the intermittent drive mechanism; and

ing shown in vertical section and the gluing unit in side elevation.

Figure 10 is a transverse vertical sectional view showing details of thesteam connections for the treating unit, the plane of section beingindicated by the line Ill-l0 of Figure 9.

Figure 11 is a side elevational view of the gluing unit.

Figures 12 to 15, inclusive, illustratethe various steps in the foldingof a blank.

Figure 16 is a side view of the forming mechanism and box holding chute,the forming mechanism being shown in vertical section and the chute inside elevation.

Figure 17 is an end elevational view of the structure shown'in Figure16.

In terms of broad inclusion, the box making machine embodying ourinvention comprises cutting and scoring dies. Means are preferablyprovided for feeding a supply of sheet material continuously into aloop, and means are provided for withdrawing the material from the loopand for feeding the same past the dies with an intermittent motion.Means timed with the intermittent feed are provided for operating thedies to cut and score the sheets and form blanks adapted to be foldedinto boxes. Figure 2 is a plan view showing portions of V the striprnaterialfrom which the blanks are Means are also preferably providedfor treating the blanks with a protective material, and means areprovided for applying glue to the blanks. Means timedwith the glueapplying means are provided for receiving a blank from the treatingmeans and delivering the same to the glue applying means. A formingmechanism is provided for folding the blanks into boxes, and means timedwith the latter mechanism are provided for receiving a blank from theglue applying means and delivering it to the forming mechanism.

Means are also provided for holding a nest of the boxes, and means areprovided for'drlving the newly formed box into the nest. Means timedwith the forming mechanism are provided journaled a drive shaft 3.

for advancing the nest along the holding means, and means are preferablyprovided for marking the nest after a predetermined number of boxes havebeen added.

In greater detail, and referring particularly to Figure l, the boxmaking machine embodying our invention comprises a frame 2 upon which isThe latter shaft is connected for rotation with a motor 6 by means of asuitable belt drive I.

Cutting and scoring units-Suitable cutting and scoring dies are providedfor forming blanks from a strip 8 of sheet material. Dies for piercingthe sheet and cutting the outline of the blanks are carried by a head 9slidably mounted on the frame 2. The scoring and other cutting dies(including the cut-off die) are carried by a similar head II, alsoslidably mounted on the frame 2. The function of the cutting and scoringdies and the nature of the blanks which they form is shown in Figure 2.

The rough male dies are attached to the heads 9 and I I, while thesmooth counter dies are positioned on the bed of the frame 2. By thisarrangement the bed presents a smooth surface over which the strip 8 maybe readily advanced.

The heads 9 and II are reciprocated by connecting rods l2 eccentricallymounted on suitable cross shafts l3. The shafts I3 each carry a gear Hwhich mesh with a gear l5 journaled on an intermediate shaft l6. Oneofthe gears I4 is meshed with a pinion l'l mounted on the drive shaft 3 sothat when the motor 6 is running both of the die heads are reciprocated.The arrange ment of the mechanism is such that both sets of dies operatesimultaneously. v

Strip feeding mechanism.-The strip 8 of sheet material is fedcontinuously into a loop l8 by a pair of rollers 19 journaled on theframe 2. One of the rollers is freely journaled and spring pressed, andthe other is positively driven from the intermediate shaft l6 by asuitable chain drive 2l. From the 1001) I8 the strip material passesover a roller 22, under a resilient tensioning device 23 and then underthe die heads 9 and H.

Means are provided for withdrawing the strip material from the loop I8and moving it past the die units with an intermittent motion. For thispurpose a pair of feed rollers 24 are provided between the die units.With particular reference to Figures 5 to 8, it will be observed thatthe upper roller 24 is spring pressed and is geared to the lower rollerwhich is driven. The lower roller is mounted on a shaft 26 journaled onthe frame 2. As best shown in Figure '7, a ratchet wheel 21 is mountedfor rotation with the shaft 26. An arm 28 is loosely journaled on thehub of the wheel 21 and a complementary arm 29 is journaled on the shaft26 on the opposite side of the wheel 21.

A dog 3| for engaging the ratchet wheel is arranged between the arms 28and 29 and is pivotally mounted on a pin 32 secured on the arm 28.Another pin 33 is secured to the arm 29 and projects into an elongatedaperture 34 in the dog 3|, and a stop pin 36 is also secured to the arm29. As viewed in Figure 8 it will be observed that this arrangementlocks the arm 29 for rotation with the shaft 26 when the arm is rotatedcounter-clockwise, but permits free movement of the arm 29 in theclockwise direction. During the clockwise rotation the dog 3| is heldcompletely out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet wheel. Theadjustable compression spring 31 in connection with the mounting of arm28 urges the dog 3| toward the ratchet wheel.

The arm 29 is fixed for rotation with a gear 38 which in turn mesheswith a reciprocating rack 39. The rack is held in engagement with thegear by a guide. 4| journaled on the shaft 26. The rack 39 receives itsreciprocating motion by being pivoted at its lower end to a wheel 42mounted on the shaft 16; the pivot pin 43 being preferably adjustablymounted on the wheel 42 for the purpose of varying the length of strokeof the rack.

From the above mechanism it will be apparent that rotation of the shaft16 imparts an oscillating motion'to the arm 29 through the action of therack and pinion. This oscillating motion is transmitted by the ratchetdevice to effect an intermittent rotation of the geared drive rollers24, as will be well understood. In other words, the ratchet deviceoperates as an overrunning clutch to effect rotation of the rollers 24in one direction, but not in the other.

The proportion and arrangement of the parts in the intermittent drivemechanism is such that the sheet 8 is advanced the proper distance withrespect to the cutting and scoring dies. The adjustably mounted pivotpin43 at the end of the rack 39 provides an adjustment for altering thetiming between the rotation of the feed rollers 24 and the reciprocationof the die heads 9 and II. Of course it is understood that theadvancement of the sheet 8 past the dies is effected while the dies areelevated and out of engagement with the sheet, and that the pin 43 isadjusted so that the amount of strip advanced by the rollers 24 is suchas to properly position the blanks being formed with' respect to thecutting and scoring dies.

Means are also provided for locking the feed rollers 24 against rotationduring their period of rest, so as to insure that the strip 8 willnotshift when the dies are in operation. For this purpose one end of theshaft 26 is provided with a brake drum 44. A pair of brake shoes 46 arepivotally mounted on the frame 2 and are arranged to encircle the drum.The brake is engaged and disengaged by a couple 41 pivotally mounted onthe frame 2 and connected to the shoes by the arms 48. i

The couple 41 is rotated by a lever 49 pivoted on the frame 2 andconnected to the couple by a linkage 5|, which lever carries a followerroller 52 riding on a cam 53 mounted for rotation with the shaft l6.Note Figure 5. When the feed roller 24 is being positively driven thecam 53 operates to disengage the brake. As soon as the roller isdisconnected from its driving means however the cam 53 operates toengage the brake so as to hold the strip 8 against movement when thedies are operating.

Treating unit-Means are provided for treating the newly formedblank.with a protective fluid, preferably parafllne. Referring toFigures 3 and 9, the treating unit comprises a pair of applicator rolls56, the lower of which runs in a bath 5! of parafiine. The upper roll 56is freely journaledand spring pressed, while the lower roll ispositively driven from the drive shaft 3 by a chain drive 58. Theparafiine bath 5'! is held by a container 59 having a chamber 6|communicating with a suitable source of live steam for maintaining theparafiine in molten the reservoir is also provided with a steam chamber84 for maintaining the supply of parafline in molten state.

As the blanks of material pass out from under the die head they areengaged by a pair of feed rollers 81 andare advanced into engagementwith the applicator rolls 56. A chain drive 58 connects the lower feedroll 61 for rotation with the lower applicator roll 56. Since the feedrolls 8! are rotating constantly, and since the blanks of material aredischarged intermittently from the cutting and scoring dies, there willbe intervals when no blanks are passing between the applicator rolls 58.

During these intervals the upper applicator roll is running in contactwith the lower roll, and at such times receives parafiine from-the lowerroll so that when the next blank passes between the rolls it is coatedon both sides with parafline. As the blank passes out from between theapplicator rolls it is directed upwardly by a guide 69 and intoengagement with another pair of feed rollers 1|, which rollers aregeared together so that both are positively driven by the chain drive68. One of the rollers H is preferably eccentrically mounted so that thespacing between the rollers may be adjusted to handle blanks ofdifferent thickness.

Means are provided for heat treating the coated blanks. The purpose ofthis treatment is to drive'the parafline into the sheet material so thatglue will adhere to the blank surfaces. Another reason for thistreatment is that the boxes offer a better appearance when the paraffineis driven into the body of the blanks and not left as a heavy coating onthe surfaces thereof. As best shown in Figures 9 and 10, a steam drum I2is journaled on the frame 2 and is connected for rotation with theapplicator roll'58 by a suitable chain drive 13/ A wide belt 14,preferably of felt, is provided to engage the major portion of the drumsurface. The belt 14 is held about the drum by a plurality of freelyjournaled guide rollers I8.

As best shown in Figure 9, the feed rollers 1| direct the blanks betweenthe belt M and the drumsgl2, so that the blanks are picked up andcarried about the drum. While the blanks are carried on the drum theyare pressed against the hot surface of the drum by the belt I4, and theheat and pressure serves to drive the paraffine from the surfaces intothe body of the "blanks. and particularly at the surface which is incontact with the hot drum.

The steam connections for the drum are shown in Figure l9. Here it willbe seen that one end of the drum is provided with a neck I1 into whichis threaded a tube 18. The fiared end of the tube 18 terminates ina-chamber 19 provided by a tubular member 8| threaded on a stud 82bolted to the frame 2. A cap 83 on the member 8| bears against a sleeve84 working against the packing 85. This construction provides a glandfor the endiof the rotating tube I8. A duct 88 communicating with asuitable supply of live steam is ported into the chamber I9 and thencemay pass into the drum 12. For the purpose of removing condensed waterfrom the bottom of the drum, a duct 81 is threaded into the boss 82 andarranged to extend through the tube 18 and terminate at a point adjacentthe bottom of the drum. A discharge duct 88 is also threaded into theboss 82 and communicates with the duct 81. The steam pressure above thecondensedwater serves to drive the latter but through the dischargeduct.

Means are provided for receiving a blank as it passes out from betweenthe drum I2 and belt 14 and feeding it forward with that side of theblank uppermost which was previously down. This is accomplished by areciprocating belt 9| operating under the drum 12, as is best shown inFigure 9. The belt 9| is reciprocated by being connected with a shaft 92through a chain drive 93, which shaft carries a pinion 94 meshed with areciprocating rack 96. The low-.

er end of the rack 96 is pivoted to a disk 9'! which is connected forrotation with a shaft 98 by a chain drive 99. As shown in Figures 1 and3, the latter shaft is connected for rotation with the drive shaft 3 bya chain drive IOI.

rollers 24, so that the belt 9| is travelling backwards when a blankdrops upon it from between the drum I2 and belt M. Subsequent forwardmovement of the belt 9| therefore advances the blank ahead and with theside of the blank which was against the drum uppermost. An idler rollerI02 is preferably provided for maintaining the belt 9| taut, and a plateI93 is provided adjacent the rear end of the belt 9| for the dualpurpose of preventing a blank from accidentally moving back too far, andfor scraping the drum to maintain it free of parafline. Gluing unit.--Asbest shown in Figures 3 and 9, a gluing unit I09 is provided on theframe 2 immediately ahead of the treating unit. The gluing unit issubstantially the same as that described in our co-pending application,Serial No. 622,670, filed July 15, 1932, and consequently an extendedexplanation of the mechanism is unnecessary, suffice to say that thisunit of the machine applies glue to selected portions of the blank. Inthe present machine the gluing unit is driven from a shaft Why a chaindrive I91, which shaft in turn is driven by the chain drive 99. Both thegluing unit and the cutting and scoring units are thus driven from themain drive shaft 3. For the purpose of synchronizing the operation ofthe several units, the elements in the drive transmission to the gluingunit are proportioned so that the gluingu'nlt will handle a blank eachtime one is formed by the dies.

Means timed with the operation of the gluing unit are provided forreceiving a blank from the treating unit and delivering it to the gluingunit. Asbest shown in Figure 9, a reciprocating table I99 is slidablymounted on the frame 2. Reciprocating motion is imparted to the.

table by means of the rack teeth I provided on the table and meshingwith a gear 2 mounted on the shaft 92. By this arrangement movement isimparted to the table by the same mechanism which reciprocates the belt9|. The table is arranged so that a blank discharged from the belt 9|falls upon it.

A pusher lug H3 is secured to the table for engaging the rear edge ofthe blank, so that in forward movement of the table the blank isadvanced toward the gluing unit. The pusher lug H3 is so positioned thatthe forward or leading edge of the blank projects beyond the forwardedge of the table 19'. When the table is in the extended position theleading edge of the blank is engaged between the gluing roll Ill and theimpression roll H5 of the gluing unit. As will be observed in Figure 9,the pusher lug H3 is pivotally mounted and is held upright by a spring.This yieldable mounting of the lug is a safety measure for preventinginjury to the hand of an operator.

As the blank passes between the gluing roll and impression roll of thegluing unit the glue pads II6 on the gluing roll apply glue on selectedareas of the blank. This application of glue is on the side of the blankwhich contacted the drum of the heating unit. Since the parafline iswell driven in from the surface at this side the glue readily adheres.The arrangement of the glue deposits on the blank will be seen in Figure12. Here it will be observed that the blank comprises a bottom wallII'I, side walls H8 foldably connected to the edges of the bottom wall,side flaps II9 foldably connected to the end edges of opposite sidewalls, and sealing flaps I2I foldably connected to the outer edges ofthe side walls. The glue is applied over each of the sealing flaps I2Iand also over portions of the side walls which do not carry side flaps.

After leaving the gluing roll III the blank is fed forwardly by pairs ofrollers I23 and I24,

the bottom rollers of which are positively driven by a chain drive I22.The end feed rollers I23 are inactive however during certain intervals.As'best shown in Figure 11, the upper feed roller I23 is pivotallymounted by an arm I26, and the position of the roller is controlled by alink I21 slidable on the glue roller shaft I28 and carrying a pin I29with which a cam I3I carried by the shaft I28 may engage. As the gluingroll rotates, the upper feed roller I23 is intermittently moved into andout of operative engagement with the lower feed roller. Thus, meanstimed with the operation of the gluing roll are provided for controllingthe instant at which a blank is discharged from the unit. From Figures 3and 11 it will be seen that the end feed rollers 123 are driven fasterthan the preceding rollers I24. tion of the blank at this point andcauses the latter to be shot quickly ahead into the, forming mechanism.

Forming mechanism.A forming mechanism, timed to operate with thepreceding units of the machine, is provided for folding the blanks intoboxes. Referring particularly to Figures 3, 16 and 17, the formingmechanism comprises a forming head I32 shaped to fit the interior of thebox and carried on the upper end of a rod I33 slidably mounted in theframe 2. With particular reference to Figure 3, the lower end of the rodI33 is pivotally connected to a lever I34 pivoted on the frame 2. Afollower roller I3! is mounted on the lever I33 and is adapted to ridein a camway I38 on a face plate I39 carried by a shaft HI journaled onthe frame 2.

The camway I38 is so shaped that when the disk I33 is turningcounter-clockwise, as viewed in Figure 3, the forming head I32 is firstelevated from its retracted position (indicated by solid lines in Figure16) to an intermediate position of rest (indicated by the dotted linesin Figure 16). The camway then holds the form- This speeds up the mo-.

ing head inthe intermediate position of rest for a predeterminedinterval, then continues the upward movement of the head to the end ofits upward stroke and finally allows the head to drop back to itsretracted position for the beginning of another stroke.

During the time when the forming head is in its intermediate position ofrest it is desired to have the disk I39 rotating more slowly than atother times, so that the forming head will have a relatively-long periodof rest in its intermediate position. Likewise it is desirable to havethe several movements of the forming head effected rapidly. For theaccomplishment of these results the shaft III carrying the cam disk I3!is driven through a pair of elliptical gears I42, one of which ismounted on the shaft Ill and the other on the shaft 33. These gears arepositioned so that the shaft MI is driven at substantially the slowestspeed when the follower roller I31 rides over the constant radiusportion of the camway.

It will be seen that the forming head is actuated by mechanism which isalso driven from the main drive shaft 3 of the machine. By the properproportioning of the elements in the drive transmission to the forminghead the latter is made to complete a stroke each time a new blank ismade by the die units.

Means are provided for quickly positioning a blank over the forming headI32 when the latter is in its retracted position. The intermittently.operating feed rollers I23, described in conjunction with the gluingunit, enter into this operation. As has already been explained, the feedrollers I23 move into operative engagement to advance a blank in timewith the operation of the gluing unit. This operative engagement of thefeed rollers I23 is also timed with the movement of the forming head I32by reason of the fact that the forming mechanism is synchronized withthe gluing unit.

When the feed rollers I23 shoot a blank across the top of the retractedforming head the blank is stopped in its proper position by a suitablestop I positioned opposite the feed rollers I23. The stop I positionsthe blank so that the'bottom wall I I1 is directly over the top of theforming head. Note Figure 12.

The rapid movement of the blank into position over the forming head I32is important because this reduces the amount of idle time reincreasingthe time available for the head in its intermediate position of rest andduring which so much of the forming work is done.

Means are provided for folding the side walls Ill away from the bottomwall when the forming head moves upwardly to its intermediate position.For this purpose a plurality of elements or rollers I45 are provided sothat" the forming head may pass therebetween. As shown in Figure 16, therollers I are preferably mounted on the ends of suitable arms I fixedlymounted on the frame 2.

When the forming head is elevated to its intermediate position of restit is moved against the blank so that the latter is driven between therollers us. As is shown in Figure 13 the rollers I bear against theextending side walls and cause them to be folded away from the bottomwall.

Means are provided for folding the sidejlaps I I9 over the downfoldedside walls Ill. For this purpose a plurality of movable elements I" areprovided, which elements are adapted to move inwardly against the sideflaps and fold the latter over the side walls. The positions of theelements I41 in their retracted and extended positions are shown inFigures 13 and 14.

As is best shown in Figure 17, the elements I41 are mounted on slidablearms I48 pivoted to levers I49 connected together by a link I5I. One ofthe levers I49 is connected for movement with a lever I52 which lever isconnected to another lever I53 by a depending rod I54. The latter levercarries a follower roller I56 running in a camway I51 formed in a diskI58, mounted for rotation with the shaft 98. This cam arrangement isbest shown in Figure 4. The offset I59 in the camway I51 is positionedto time the movement of the elements I41 with the movements of theforming head I32 so that the elements I41 are extended when the forminghead is in its intermediate position of rest.

Means, also timed with the movements of the forming head I 32, areprovided for folding up the rim flaps I2I againsts the side walls H8 andover the folded side flaps II9. With particular reference to Figures 12,13, 14 and 15, a plurality of hinged elements I6I are arranged in aplane so that the blank rests upon them when it is shifted into positionover the forming head. When the forming head is moved upwardly and thefixed elements I45 fold the side walls II8 downwardly, the rim flaps I2Iby reason of their resting on the hinged elements I6I are foldedoutwardly and away from the side walls, as shown in Figure 13. After theside flaps II9 have been folded against the side wall, as shown inFigure 14, the hinged elements I6I are moved upwardly to fold the rimflaps I2I against the side walls H8 and over the folded side flaps II9,as shown in Figure 15.

As has already been pointed out, the smooth counter dies were mounted onthe frame bed to provide a smooth surface over which the strip 8 couldbe readily advanced. This however forms the scores from the wrong sideof the blank to take care of the degree fold of the rim flaps II9,unless the blank is turned bottom side up after it leaves the die unitand before it reaches the forming mechanism. Since this reversal of theblank was eifected after leaving the treating unit the scores areproperly arranged when the blank reaches the forming mechanism.

Referring particularly to Figures 16 and 17, the hinged elements I6I areactuated by links I62 connected to cranks I63 mounted on suitable shaftsI64. The shafts are rotatably connected by suitable linkages I66. One ofthe shafts I64 carries a lever I61 which connects with a lever I68through a linkage I69. The lever I68 is pivoted on the frame 2 andcarries a followen roller I1I riding in a camway I12 formed in a diskI13 mounted on the shaft 98. Note Figure 4. The offset I 14 in thecamway I 12 is positioned to actuate the hinged elements I6I when theforming head is. in its intermediate position of rest; and this offsetis positioned with respect to the offset I59 of the camway whichoperates the elements I41 so that the hinged elements are actuated tofold up the end flaps I2I after the side flaps I I9 have been foldedinto position.

Discharge chute.-Means are provided for holding the newly formed boxesin nested relation while delivering the boxes for packing, and advantageis taken of this nested relation for pressing the glued surfaces of theboxestogether while the glue is setting. As best shown in Figures 16 and17, a vertical chute I16 is provided above the forming mechanism. Thesides of the chute are formed by sets of rollers I11, one set of whichis removably mounted by suitable brackets I18.

Conveyor belts I19 are arranged to extend over the rollers on two sidesof the chute, and the belts are connected for movement together by apair of gears I80. The tension in the belts is adjusted by suitableidler pulleys I8I, and the reaches of the belts running along the sidesof the chute are spaced apart a distance substantially equal to thewidth of the boxes, so that a nest or stack I 82 of boxes isfrictionally engaged by the conveyor belts. In other words, freemovement of the nest I82 is prevented. Also, the nest may be shiftedalong the chute by moving the conveyor belts.

A newly formed box is deposited in the nest by the forming head I32 whenthe latter reaches its fully extended position. That is, immediatelyupon retraction of the elements I41 and lowering of the hinged elementsI6I, the camway I 38 continues the upward movement of the forming headI32 to drive the newly formed box past the forming elements or rollersI45 and into the nest. In order to remove the box from the head and holdup the lower end of the nest, a pair of spring pressed dogs I86 areprovided to engage under the rim of the lowermost box in the nest. NoteFigure 16.

Means, operating in time with the movements of the forming head I32, areprovided for driving the conveyor belts I19 to advance the nest alongthe chute. This is accomplished by a ratchet device I81 connected withthe reciprocating table I09 by a suitable linkage I88. The timingbetween the reciprocating table I09 and. the forming head I32 is ofcourse such that a new blank is passed into the gluing unit each time ablank is folded by the forming unit. Consequently, advantage is taken ofthe reciprocating motion of the table to Operate the ratchet device I81.The lever arms in the connecting linkage are such that the conveyorbelts move the nest I82 upwardly just enough to permit the insertion ofanother box each time the forming unit operates. The adjustment of theconveyor movement is also made with the idea of effecting acomparativelytight fit when a newly formed box is inserted into the nest, so as topress the glued surfaces into firm contact.

The upper portion of the chute I16 is continued as a delivery chute I9I,portions of which are shown in Figures 1, 3, 16 and 17, and whichextends as an overhead chute terminating at the head of the machine, asshown in Figure 1. The nest of boxes continues about this overheaddelivery chute and passes out on an elongated table or tray I92, fromwhich an operator can break the nest into sections of a size convenientfor packing. The upper strip I93 at the discharge end of the deliverychute is adjustably positioned by a screw I94 to frictionally engage thenest to prevent the boxes from sliding out under force of gravity.

Means are also preferably provided for marking the nest after apredetermined number have been added. Such a marking device may alsoinclude a counting device, and both are indicated diagrammatically inFigure 17 by the reference numeral I96. Any well known type of markingand counting device may be employed for this purpose. When the nest ofboxes issues the blank to drive the latter between the elements, meansoperating in time with the head moving means for moving said elementsagainst portions of the blank for folding said blank'about the head toform a box, and means for con- -tinuing movement of the head to drivethe newly formed box past said elements and into the nest.

2. A machine for making boxes from blanks having a bottom wall, sidewalls foldably connected to the bottom wall, and side flaps foldablyconnected to ends of the side walls, comprising means for holding a nestof the boxes, a head shaped to fit the interior of the box, a pluralityof elements between which the head is adapted to pass, means forpositioning a blank -between said head and elements, means for movingthe head against the bottom wall of the blank to drive the blank betweenthe elements, said elements being arranged to bear against the sidewalls for folding the latter away from the bottom wall, means timed withthe operation of said head moving means for folding the side flaps overadjacent side walls, and means for continuing movement of the head todrive the newly formed box past said elements and into the nest.

3. A machine for making boxes from blanks having a bottom wall, sidewalls foldably connected to the bottom wall, and side flaps foldablyconnected to ends of the side walls, comprising a head shaped to fit theinterior of the box, a plurality of elements between which the head isadapted to pass, means for positioning a blank between said head andelements, means for moving the head against the bottom wall of the blankto drive the blank between the elements, said elements being arranged tobear against the side walls for folding the latter away from the bottomwall, and means timed with the operation of said head moving means forfolding the side flaps over adjacent side walls.

4. A machine for making boxes from a blank having a bottom; wall, sidewalls foldably connected to the bottom wall, side flaps foldablyconnected to the ends of opposite side walls, and rim flaps foldablyconnected to the tops of the side walls, comprising a head shaped to fitthe interior of the box, a plurality of elements between which the headis adapted to pass, means for positioning the blank between said headand elements, means for moving the head against the bottom wall of theblank to drive the blank between the elements, said elements beingarranged to bear against the side walls for folding the latter away fromthe bottom wall, means for folding the side flaps over adjacent sidewalls, and means for folding the rim flaps over the side walls and oversaid folded side flaps.

5. A machine for making boxes from sheet material comprising means forcutting and scoring said sheet to form blanks, means for applying aprotective fluid to the blanks, a drum, means for heating the drum, abelt running on the drum, means for feeding the blanks between the beltand drum, means for applying glue to the blanks, and means for foldingthe blanks into boxes.

6. A machine for making boxes from blanks comprising a receiver chutefor holding a nest of the boxes, an extension chute connected with saidchute for delivering the nest to a remote point, a conveyor belt in thereceiver chute for controlling movement of the nest along said chute,means for folding the blanks into boxes, means for driving the newlyformed boxes into said nest, means for moving the conveyor to advancethe nest along the chute, and means at the discharge end of theextension chute for compressing the boxes together in the nest along theentire length of said chutes.

7. A machine for making boxes from blanks comprising a chute for holdinga nest of the boxes, a conveyor belt in the chute for controllingmovement of the nest along the chute, means for folding the blanks intoboxes, means for driving the newly formed boxes into said nest, andmeans timed with said driving means for moving the conveyor to advancethe nest along the chute.

8. A machine for making boxes comprising a reciprocating forming headhaving a period of rest between the ends of a stroke and during whichthe blank is formed about the head, a cam for moving the head, means fordriving said cam, and a pair of elliptical gears interposed in saiddrive means, said gears being positioned so that the cam is movingsubstantially the slowest during the intermediate rest period of thehead.

, 9. A machine for making boxes from sheet material comprising cuttingand scoring dies, means for feeding the sheet material past the dieswith an intermittent motion, meanstimed with said feeding means foroperating the dies to cut and score the sheet and form blanks adapted tobe folded into boxes, means for treating the blank with a protectivematerial, means for applying glue to the blank, means timed with glueapplying means for receiving a blank from the treating means anddelivering the same to said glue applying means, a forming mechanism forfolding the blanks into boxes, and means timedwith the forming mechanismfor receiving a blank from the glue applying means and delivering it tosaid forming mechanism.

10. A machine for making boxes from sheet material comprising verticallyreciprocating cutting and scoring dies arranged with the smooth counterdies facing upwardly, means for feeding sheet material over the counterdies, means for operating the dies to cut and score the sheet and formblanks adapted to be folded into boxes, a forming mechanism including avertically reciprocating forming head,- means for feeding the blanksfrom the dies to a position over said forming head, and means interposedin said feeding means for reversing the blank.

together in the nest at all times during delivery to said station.

12. A machine for making box blanks from sheet material comprising meansfor cutting the sheet toform the blanks, means for coating the blankswith parafiine, means for applying heat and pressure to the blanks todrive the paraffine into the body of said blanks, and means for applyingglue to said blanks.

13. A machine for making box blanks from sheet material comprising meansfor cutting the sheet to form the blanks, means for coating the blankswith parafiine, means for applying heat and pressure to the blanks todrive the parafline into the body of said blanks, said latter meansapplying a greater amount of heat to one side of the blank to morecompletely drive in the paraffine, and means for applying glue to thelatter side of the blanks.

14. A machine for making boxes from blanks comprising means for holdinga nest of the boxes, means for applying glue to the blanks, means forfolding the blanks into boxes and driving the newly formed boxes intothe nest, and means for compressing the boxes together in the nest.

GEORGE F. FORD. WALTER. F. PI'IIMAN.

